In The Late 20Th Century, Technology Began Advancing So

In the late 20th century, technology began advancing so quickly that entire world economies underwent extraordinary transformations in very little time. It used to be only a handful of powerful people and corporations interacting in global trade and commerce, but technology has made it so â€Å"countries like India are now able to compete for global knowledge,† giving leaders and companies the ability to work with more nations than ever before (Friedman 7). The internet has given men and women the power to connect, communicate and provide information to people across the planet in an instant. It has given people the opportunity to seek knowledge, educate themselves and single-handily play a role in the world economy. This is called†¦show more content†¦So far Thomas Friedman has identified three eras of globalization. Globalization 1.0 lasted from 1492 (when Columbus set sail to the ‘new world’) to 1800. Friedman describes this as when we â€Å"shrank th e world from a size large to a size medium† (9). This era began discovering new lands and set up trade with outside civilizations. Globalization 2.0 lasted from 1800 to 2000 when the world transformed to a â€Å"size small† due to the industrial revolution and the expansion of multinational corporations. And finally, globalization 3.0 when the world went flat because of remarkable technological advancements. Other nations, including those in the third world category, are finally able to access vast amounts of knowledge, and their previously closed off economies are now open to provide more work for their people. The economies of these nations exploded from a large labor force and exportation, but the American economy didn’t do as great. From 2000 to 2014, the share of adults living in middle-income households fell in 203 of the 229 US metropolitan areas. Global commerce has been dominated by transnational companies that do not care for individual countries, but rather cheap wages and productivity, which undeveloped nations have. Jobs that require high school diplomas, or are plain simple, are either sold off to another country or automated. Automation is the replacement of human beings with robots or machines in order to reduce salary expenses andShow MoreRelatedMedical Field Essay1353 Words   |  6 Pagessimilar to a casual visit with a personal friend. The fact of matter is that we as Americans are lucky to have designed a medical field that is easily reachable in case of an emergency. There have been many techniques developed throughout the past centuries. In recent years, it has become vital for many people to set up appointments with doctors as a monthly check up to monitor their health and well-being. 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Its products and operations include Kiosk DVD rental, online disc rental reservation, no late fee, recently released movies, and video game rental. (Hoovers) In February 2009, Coinstar Inc., who is also a leading provider of moneyRead MoreHealth Care Reform in Unavoidable Essay examples1572 Words   |  7 PagesBackound: For over a century, advocates for health care reform have attempted to change the laws of health care reform within the United States. With a few close calls and little to no change achieved the battles for health care reform and the explanations for their failures make for an interesting lesson in American history, philosophy and politics. In the late 1800’s to 1912, the federal government left matters to the states and states left them to private and charitable programs. AmericaRead MoreProhibition, and the development of the sport NASCAR NASCAR wasn’t always one of America’s1500 Words   |  6 Pagesfavorite things to watch or a multimillion-dollar sport. It was actually inspired by criminal activity during the twentieth century. How racecars became part of American life goes back to the early days of prohibition and how gangsters avoided the law. During this time temperance organizations wanted to restrict or abolish the consumption of alcoholic beverages. By the early 20th century, women’s groups throughout the country viewed the sale and consumption of liquor was disrupting family life, and destroyingRead MoreEssay Ethical Dilemmas in Psychology1786 Words   |  8 Pagesthe centuries that followed, Bacon and others might not have predicted. Since Bacon and others pushed for a more empirical approach, numerous discoveries have been made. 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The Forest Management Free Essays

Forest management is the maintaining and management of not only the trees in the forest, but the streams, habitat, watersheds, and even the decaying trees or logs on the forest floor. Managing our forests is not only important to the wildlife, but to our future economy and way of life. We need to continue to save the Oregon forests and help the ecosystems within them because human beings are also part of the ecosystem. We will write a custom essay sample on The Forest Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now By using forest management, it can help certain species of wildlife. Some species of birds, such as the pileated woodpecker, which need large snags to build nest cavities(7). But the worst possible approach to maintaining a wide diversity of species would be to manage every acre of the forest the same way. Any change in forest habitat creates â€Å"winners† and â€Å"losers. † As forests go through natural cycles of growth, death and regeneration, species may inhabit or be absent from a given area partly in response to natural changes in the structure of trees and other forest vegetation(4). The same occurs when forest stands are managed by humans. Unless future credible research indicates otherwise, effort should be made to manage a wide range of forest structures. Maintaining diversity would be best served by using a broader range of management tools. Those would include harvesting on federal land – not simply thinning – and increasing the commitment to old-growth attributes on private forest land through techniques such as retaining large trees and snags. As long as federal lands are substantially committed to providing late successional habitat, private forest land can be substantially committed to younger, intensively managed stands, provided critical habitat characteristics are available. The federal lands make up more than 50% to 60% of the forests in Oregon(3). Because timber harvest in now dramatically reduced on federal lands, those lands represent a sizable, well distributed pool of both old-growth forests and forests that could become old-growth, providing habitat to those species associated with forests with old-growth characteristics. While a large portion of federal land is committed to sustaining species that need old-growth, the difficult question remains, how much is enough? Leaving these forests completely unharvested invites unacceptable, large-scale insect infestations and catastrophic fires(6). Because federal lands comprise nearly 50 to 60 percent of Oregon†s orests, practices on these lands have a major impact on forest-dwelling vertebrates(2). These lands are well distributed throughout the state. Private land ownership accounts for approximately 40 percent of the states forests(5). Of this private ownership, over half is in industrial ownership and the rest is held mostly by small woodland owners(7). Since 1992 harvesting on federal lands has dropped sharply. In contrast, many industrial private lands are intensively managed(6). Oregon law requires prompt replanting, and stands are often fertilized and thinned. This split ownership, in addition to diverse management practices on private lands, results in a wide range of habitat conditions. No species studied appears immediately threatened by forest practices in Oregon(3). In fact, many species are abundant. While that finding appears hopeful, it does not ensure that these will not be future problems. Current practices may not be adequate to keep the present range of species in the future. While some species thrive in the habitat provided by younger forest stands, a considerable number of species either requires, or reproduces etter, where large live trees, large cavities, and large pieces of downed wood The Oregon Forest Practice Act currently requires that some trees be retained after harvest. But the question is: how much is enough? Will trees being retained be sufficiently distributed to meet the future habitat needs of all vulnerable species? For example more than 60 species are associated with downed wood such as; fallen decaying trees or logs, 14 of them considered at risk(8). One species would be the rough skinned newt which live in and around decaying wood. Few studies to date have focused specifically on intensively anaged stands where old-growth characteristics, such as large snags and large pieces of decaying wood, are most likely to be in short supply. However, research is looking toward this need. Harvest levels in the future will likely be at least 40 percent below what could be cut on a sustainable level(1). That†s because of reduced exaggeration on timber production on federal lands. In the past, federal land provided half the states timber production, but in 1996 provided only 17 percent(2). That is the lowest level since 1934, in the depths of the Great Depression. An nderstanding of Oregon†s timberland and its importance to the state†s economic and social well being, particularly in rural areas. In Oregon, reforestation is mandatory and carefully spelled out in the Oregon Forest Practice Act, which governs all management related activities in Oregon†s privately owned forests. Private lands must be replanted within two planting seasons of harvest, and within six years of harvest, the site must be certified as free to grow, meaning the trees have topped the brush and can grow successfully. If the replanting job fails, the state can compel compliance ith the act through civil penalties, including civil court action and fines of up to $5,000(3). More than 90 percent of harvested forested acres are replanted to stocking levels that meet of exceed what is legally required. So in order to help our forests, we need to continue with what is being done today. The hard work that is being put into saving the forests habitat, the streams, and the trees themselves may not show in the short-run but will have dramatic effect in the long-run. Wood products remain an important component of Oregon†s robust economy and contribute to the long-awaited diversification of the state†s economy. How to cite The Forest Management, Essay examples

Leadership Style of Obama and Mahatma Gandhi Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Style of Obama and Mahatma Gandhi. Answer: Introduction The world famous leaders have some innate and distinctive characteristics that distinguish them from rest of the world. Along with it, the great leaders respect others, their rights, dignity and the values. It is considered as ethical leadership. Researchers and common people always certain questions regarding which traits distinguish the leaders from the crowd and whether these leadership traits can be attained. The leadership style of an individual is also dependent upon the situation. In the present, the leadership styles have evolved from autocratic and directive to participative and democratic. There are some primary characteristics that distinguish a great leader from others such as the great leaders always leave a legacy behind them and values or principles are followed even after their lives, the words of the great leaders are remembered by many generations after them and they are still relevant in their context and the great leaders are always spoken with admiration and respect (Lorg, 2007). The great leaders respect different cultures and acknowledge the major differences. It is called multicultural leadership. These leaders come from diversified backgrounds, some from very humble beginnings and some from affluent families. All the great leaders have some common characteristics like they are always ethical, focused, just, fair and humane (Gini Green, 2013). In a business environment, the leadership and the organization problems are integrated with the human psychology to find better solutions to the problems. This cross-disciplinary field is called leadership psycholo gy. The statement of purpose of the essay is, To examine the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and Barack Obama and identify whose leadership style is more relevant in the present context. Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandh) was born in 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat in a prosperous family. He trained to work as a barrister and worked for a brief period in India. However, as Gandhi was too shy to speak in court, he shifted to South Africa, wherein he was moved by the injustice with which the immigrant Indians was treated. After almost twenty years he moved back to India to protest against the British rulers and the exploitation of the Indians (Leadership Lime, 2016). Ethical Leadership: Gandhi was humanitarian, an ethical leader, he believed in non-violence and protested against racism and discrimination. The primary characteristics of Gandhi leadership style were that he was charismatic, inspirational and visionary. One of the innate characteristics of great leaders is their ethical conduct and social responsibility. The leaders always show high ethical standards and acknowledge the moral consequences of their decisions (Eisenbeiss, 2012). It is observed in the Gandhis approach of nonviolence, in which it is believed the right to live is the fundamental right of every human being and should not be breeched in any case. The idea of nonviolence is demonstrated my many scholars as the most revolutionary idea of the 21st century (McMahon, 2004). Leadership Style or Evolution of Leadership: The path-goal leadership is defined as a leadership style wherein the leadership style is focused on achieving the goals. In Gandhis speeches, the intolerable nature of the British rules was presented according to the vales of moral justification and appealing to values of the mass public. Moreover, in the Gandhis speeches the language used to stress his similarity with the followers, their worth and linking the past, present and the future and abstract themes that appealed to the public. The collective focus, aggressive and active speech resulted in mass appeal and following of Gandhi (Bligh and Robinson, 2010). The charismatic leaders often preserves most of the control and do not trust someone else easily. Therefore, this leadership style does not yield successors and visionaries. Leadership Theories: He was also a transformational leader. He was a charismatic leader. In this leadership style, the leader has a genuine concern for the welfare of the followers and has ethical values embedded in his strategies and actions. He encouraged people to follow him in public drives and protest against the discrimination in a non-violent manner. Multicultural Leadership: The revolutionary approaches and the leadership style of Mahatma Gandhi are respected through different cultures and various western countries. Gandhi posited tat cultural and language diversity are the intrinsic characteristics of India and British rule cannot discriminate the people upon its basis (Barnabas and Clifford, 2012). Equality and diversity are the major principles of Gandhi. He also stated that wit differentiation it becomes increasingly difficult for the different civilizations to coexist adjacently. The multicultural leadership style states that the leader must be able to navigate through different culture and respect them. Therefore, Gandhi was a multicultural leader (Soo, 2012). Psychology of leadership: It could be critiqued that the personality of Gandhi comes under the category of Agreeableness in the big five personality traits. It is the personality trait to be cooperative, humane, gentle and kind. It is also strongly correlated to charismatic personality and leadership style (Raad, 2000). The personality of Gandhi is characterized by his genuine appearance, half-naked which related to the common man at that time. He was fierce yet humble. Another prime aspect of his personality was his charisma and knowledge which has influenced many generations and gains followers at present also. He was empathetic, resilient, inspirational and persuasive. He believed in his purpose, has perseverance and was strategic. He adopted the strategies of non-violence and Satyagraha to fight against the British rule. The statement of purpose of the essay can be restated as, Mahatma Gandhi was a charismatic leader who adopted the path-goal leadership style. He was an ethical and multicultural leader and came under agreeableness category in leadership personality. Barack Obama Barack Obama was born in 1961 and became the 44th president of USA. He was born in Hawaii and his mother was of English ancestry whereas his father was Kenyan. 1n 1988, Obama enrolled in the law school, excelled in academics and become the president of the prestigious Harvard Law Review (Military Center, 2016). Leadership Ethics: Although President Obama did not show his leadership traits earlier, later he realized that he wants to change the world for betterment. His vision was missionary and he was persistent even when he encountered failure initially. The basic characteristics of the transformational leadership style are that it provides inspiration and influence followers to be more productive (Green and Roberts, 2012). It could be critiqued that President Obama is an ethical leader and implements ethical principles in all his actions. Recently, several actions of President Obama such as healthcare reforms, approval of gay marriage and less dependency on the foreign oil has made him an ideal leader. He is known to take personal risk for the welfare of the society and sending his message. Obama created policies in several controversial subjects that could have back-fired him which shows that he can take risk for taking correct decisions. In all the speeches of the Barack Obama, the hidden message of a comm unity is common. He uses pronouns like we and us which allows the people to identify with him and his cause (Calhoun, 2016). Leadership Theories and Evolution of Leadership: The leadership style of President Obama reflects that he is a transformational leader. In his public speeches, it can be examined that Obama is engaging and charismatic with the public. He tries to make connections with the people all across America. He is also motivating and builds relationship with the people. These characteristics of his personality clearly align him with transformational leadership style. A transformational leader is always caring and empathetic for his followers. He also takes decision in collaboration with his followers. The transformational leadership style is the leadership style that emphasizes transforming the followers. In this leadership style, the leaders are motivating towards their followers and deliver outstanding performance that inspires the followers to work be more productive, efficient (Bass and Riggio, 2006). Psychology of Leadership: In his public appearances, Obama is shown as intelligent and authentic. He is demonstrated showing intelligence in his strategic initiatives and policies. The personality traits of Barack Obama are collaboration, decisiveness, thinker, personal time, honesty, empathy and fearlessness (Advise America, 2016; Renshon, 2012). Multicultural Leadership As the President Obama is from multicultural background, he is able to relate with different cultures and respect the uniqueness and distinctiveness of each culture. Multicultural leadership is especially important in a country as culturally and ethnically diverse as the United States of America. The upbringing of President Obama in Indonesia and Hawaii made him respectful of different cultures. It is a practice of incorporating the practices and values of diverse cultures in a respectful manner (Marranis, 2016; Zennie, 2011). The statement of purpose of the essay can be restated as, Barack Obama is a transformational leader. He is an ethical and multicultural leader who is an intelligent person. Comparison These leaders have certain charisma and charm that motivate thousands of people to follow them. The leadership style of both Gandhi and Obama was quite different although both were successful in addressing their vision and objectives. In the present times, the leadership style of Obama is more relevant. Gandhi was a charismatic leader and he used his charm and persuasive skills to drive people for his vision and dreams. He believed in a free world where every person has equal opportunities and the choice to live according to his choice. This situation is also relevant at present also as the people still cannot live according to their choice. It can be depicted by the ban on gay marriages which was removed in the United States of America by President Obama. It could be understood that both the leaders were equally ethical and humane. In regard to multicultural leadership, both the leaders were effective in leading and respecting people from diversified cultural and ethnic backgrounds. However, Gandhi was inflexible which is implicit by his total exclusion of foreign equipment and device (Mahatma Gandhi, n.d.). In the present world of globalization, it is impossible to abandon the products of the rest of the world and lie in a self-sufficient manner. Another major teaching of Mahatma Gandhi was that industrialization was the major reason for the environmental degradation and will decrease the prosperity of the future generations subsequently. This teaching of Gandhi is also inapt as in the present world is globalized and heavily industrialized. As for the environmental degradation, the notion of sustainability and sustainable development is adopted. In addition to it, there are also certain disadvantages of charismatic leadership style in the present context. The charismatic leadership style is considered as a potential attribute in inspiring followers and gaining support from the mass audience. However, there are certain disadvantages associated with charismatic leadership like it puts too much reliance on the leader. As it an inspirational leadership style, the followers become too much r eliant on the leader for motivation and working. The leader has a very high responsibility for motivating the people and taking strategic initiatives to achieve his aim. It is often observed that the leaders who follow this leadership style are not able to turn their duties to other as they enjoy having control or feel that nobody else is capable of handling their duties. The organization climate or environment developed in charismatic leadership style is authorities which hinders creativity and innovation, which are essential components of success currently (Frost, 2016). In contrast to it, the transformational leadership foster innovation, creativity and inculcates the sense of independence in the team members so that maximum efficiency and productivity can be obtained. The charismatic leaders are ethical, show integrity and demonstrate a purpose to their team members to keep them motivated. In transformational leadership, the leader sets high standards of the people and achieve them himself to set an example to his followers. In the present context, the competition in every field is very high; therefore, it is important that the leader must be abl e to inspire the followers to give him maximum output which can be attained through transformational leadership. His leadership style is also more relatable to people. Conclusion Conclusively, it can be stated that every great leader has peculiar leadership style which is unique and different from others. The leadership style of a person is dependent on many factors such as personality and the upbringing of an individual. Although the primary characteristics of the leadership style of every leader are different, there are some qualities that are similar in every great leader such as quality of multiculturalism leadership and ethical leadership. All great leaders are ethical and examine the moral and the ethical outcomes of their actions. Along with it, the leaders are also able to respect and attain the best qualities of all the cultures. It has been examined in the essay that the leadership style of Mahatma Gandhi is charismatic whereas the leadership style of Barack Obama is transformational. Obama has empathy and cares for the public of the United States of America. In the present times, the leadership style of Obama is more relevant as he has taken severa l controversial yet moral initiatives for the welfare of the people. The statement of purpose of essay can be restated as, The leadership style of Obama is more relatable in the present context. References Advise America. (2016). Barack Obama Leadership Traits. [Online]. Available at: https://www.adviseamerica.com/barack-obama-leadership-traits/ [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Barnabas, A. and Clifford, P.S. (2012). MAHATMA GANDHI AN INDIAN MODEL OF Bass, B.M. and Riggio, R.E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Psychology Press. Bligh, M.C. and Robinson, J.L. (2010). Was Gandhi charismatic? Exploring the rhetorical leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The Leadership Quarterly 2, 844-855. Calhouln, L. (2016). 5 Leadership Lessons from Obama. Inc. Com. [Online]. Available at: https://www.inc.com/lisa-calhoun/5-leadership-lessons-from-obama.html [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Eisenbeiss, S.A. (2012). Re-thinking ethical leadership: An interdisciplinary integrative approach. The Leadership Quarterly 23, 791-808. Frost, S. (2016). The Disadvantages of Charismatic Leadership. Small Business Chron. [Online]. Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/disadvantages-charismatic-leadership-31380.html [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Gini, A., Green, R.M. (2013). Ten Virtues of Outstanding Leaders: Leadership and Character. London: John Wiley Sons. Green, D.D. and Roberts, G.E. (2012). Transformational Leadership in a Postmodern World: The Presidential Election of Barack Obama. Academy of Strategic Management Journal 11(1), 9-26. Kumar, R. (n.d.). India, Gandhi And Relevance Of His Ideas In The New World. [Online]. Available at: https://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/sept0802.htm [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Leadership Lime. (2016). MAHATMA GANDHI BIO. [Online]. Available at: https://www.leadershiplime.com/gandhi-bio.html [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Lorg, J. (2007). The Character of Leadership: Nine Qualities that Define Great Leaders. BH Publishing Group. Marranis, D. (2016). Obamas legacy. Washington Post. [Online]. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/obama-legacy/ [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. McMahon, T.F. (2004). Ethical Leadership through Transforming Justice. University Press of America. Military Center. (2016). Barack Obama: Life Before the Presidency. [Online]. Available at: https://millercenter.org/president/biography/obama-life-before-the-presidency [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Raad, B.D. (2000). The Big Five Personality Factors: The Psycholexical Approach to Personality. Hogrefe Huber. Renshon, S.A. (2012). Barack Obama and the Politics Of Redemption. The Montreal Review. [Online]. Available at: https://www.themontrealreview.com/2009/Barack-Obama-personality-and-the-politics-of-redemption.php [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. SERVANT LEADERSHIP. International Journal of Leadership Studies 7(2), pp. 133-152. Soo, J. (2012). Multicultural leadership starts from within. Harvard Business Review. [Online]. Available at: https://hbr.org/2012/01/multicultural-leadership-starts-fr [Accessed on: 22 December, 2016]. Zennie, F.M.Z. (2011). Developing Multicultural Leaders: The Journey to Leadership Success. Springer.

Mitigation Strategies and Solution Water Pollution Essay Example

Mitigation Strategies and Solution: Water Pollution Paper In addition to innocent organisms dying off, our drinking water has become greatly affected as is our ability to use water for recreational purposes. In order to combat water pollution, we must understand the problems and become part of the solution. Keywords: water pollution, sustainability, earth, oxygen All around the world there are issues with our water resources, from conservation and preservation to pollution and depletion. We need to increase public awareness within our local governments, citizens of our country, and the world on how important clean and fresh water are to every vying organism. With the increase in human population, increase in pollution, the demand for clean water is essential for the existence of mankind. Water pollution is a concern in the world today. The governments of many countries have looked to find solutions to reduce the problem. Many different pollutants threaten the water ways, especially in underdeveloped countries where disposal of raw sewage in natural waters are a common place, the constant new construction that is being done around the world also appears to be a factor which is affecting pollution to our water resources. Construction developments affect the waters by the chemicals they use and the regard for proper disposal of toxic chemicals that run-off in the soils and then into the water systems which in turn affects our drinking water. These disease causing contaminants enter our systems in our water, from untreated sewers, septic tanks, boats and storm drains not properly cleaned. Water borne ailments can cause hookworms, intestinal parasites, typhoid fever, diarrhea and numerous other bacterial and viral diseases. We will write a custom essay sample on Mitigation Strategies and Solution: Water Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mitigation Strategies and Solution: Water Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mitigation Strategies and Solution: Water Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Water that is polluted has caused earaches, conjunctivitis, upper expiratory infections skin rashes, hepatitis, gastroenteritis, vomiting, diarrhea, inflammation of the brain and other ailments. These types of water borne disease are more prevalent in third world countries or in severe poverty stricken states. According to the American College Dictionary, pollution is defined as: to make foul or unclean; dirty. Water pollution occurs when a body of water is adversely affected due to the addition of large amounts of materials to the water. When it is unfit for its intended use, water is considered polluted. Two types of water pollutants exist; point source and Nippon source. Point sources of pollution occur when harmful substances are emitted directly into a body of water. The Exxon Valued oil spill best illustrates point source water pollution. A Nippon source delivers pollutants indirectly through environmental changes. An example of this type of water pollution is when fertilizer from a field is carried into a stream by rain, in the form of run-off which in turn affects aquatic life. The technology exists for point sources of pollution to be monitored and regulated, although political factors may complicate matters. Nippon sources are much more difficult to control. Pollution arising from Nippon sources accounts for a majority of the contaminants in streams and lakes. Many causes of pollution including sewage and fertilizers contain nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates. In excess levels, nutrients over stimulate the growth of aquatic plants and algae. Excessive growth of these types of organisms consequently clogs our waterways, use up dissolved oxygen as they decompose, and block light to deeper waters. This, in turn, proves very harmful to aquatic organisms as it affects the respiration ability or fish and other invertebrates that reside in water. Pollution is also caused when silt and other suspended solids, such as soil, wash off plowed fields, construction and logging sites, urban areas, and eroded river banks when it rains. Under natural conditions, lakes, rivers, and other water bodies undergo Transportation, an aging process that slowly fills in the water body with sediment and organic matter. When these sediments enter various bodies of water, fish respiration becomes impaired, plant productivity and water depth become reduced, and aquatic organisms and their environments become suffocated. Pollution in the form of organic material enters waterways in any different forms as sewage, as leaves and grass clippings, or as runoff from livestock feedlots and pastures. When natural bacteria and protozoan in the water break down this organic material, they begin to use up the oxygen dissolved in the water. Many types of fish and bottom-dwelling animals cannot survive when levels of dissolved oxygen drop below two to five parts per million. When this occurs, it kills aquatic organisms in large numbers which leads to disruptions in the food chain. Several forms Of legislation have been passed in recent decades to try to control water pollution. In 1 970, the Clean Water Act provided 50 billion dollars to cities and states to build wastewater facilities. This has helped control surface water pollution from industrial and municipal sources throughout the United States. When congress passed the Clean Water Act in 1 972, states were given primary authority to set their own standards for their water. In addition to these standards, the act required that all state beneficial uses and their criteria must comply with the feasible and assumable goals of the act. This essentially means that state beneficial uses must be able to support aquatic life and recreational use. Because it is impossible to test water for every type of disease-causing organism, states usually look to identify indicator bacteria. (Puzzle, 2010)One for an example is a bacterium known as fecal coli forms. These indicator bacteria suggest that a certain selection of water may be contaminated with untreated sewage and that other, more dangerous, organisms are present. These legislations are an important part in the fight against water pollution. They are useful in preventing environmental catastrophes. The graph shows reported pollution incidents since 1989-1994. If Stronger legislations existed, perhaps these events would never eave occurred. Water quality is closely linked to water use and to the state of economic development. In industrialized countries, bacterial contamination of surface water caused serious health problems in major cities throughout the mid sass. (ADLER T. 2007) BY the turn of the century, Cities in Europe and North America began building sewer networks to route domestic wastes downstream of water intakes. Development of these sewage networks and waste treatment facilities in urban areas has expanded tremendously in the past two decades. However, the rapid growth of the urban population especially in Latin America and Asia) has outpaced the ability of governments to expand sewage and water infrastructure. While waterborne diseases have been eliminated in the developed world, outbreaks of cholera and other similar diseases still occur with alarming frequency in the developing countries. Since World War II and the birth of the chemical age, water quality has been heavily impacted worldwide by industrial and agricultural chemicals. Transportation of surface waters from human and agricultural wastes and nitrification of groundwater from agricultural practices has greatly affected rage parts of the world. Acidification of surface waters by air pollution is a recent phenomenon and threatens aquatic life in many area of the world. In developed countries, these general types of pollution have occurred sequentially with the result that most developed countries have successfully dealt with major surface water pollution. In contrast, however, newly industrialized countries such as China, India, Thailand, Brazil, and Mexico are now facing all these issues simultaneously. Action Items (in the correct order) I Action Steps Timeline I Research and identify the effects of water pollution. I Review environmental Web sites and journals. Document the sources of water pollution and both environmental and health effects of water pollution. Document video interviews of environmental researchers and facilitators. I Month 1-31 Develop an education program about water pollution effects. Develop a presentation about why this program is needed and include examples such as: never pouring toxic substances down the drain. Although water is cleaned, cities do not have the equipment to eliminate all toxic substances from the water supply. I Month 1-31 Contact Government. I Tell your local officials that you ant information on the communitys water supply and local polluters. Make sure officials recognize your right to know about your water supply. I Month 4 Find Waters Source. Review environmental Web sites and journals. L_earn about where your communitys water comes from. Keep a close eye on this water source and encourage others to do the same. I Month 1-3 Read Well Reports. Community well operators often produce monitoring reports on the safety of local wells. Ask the operators to give you a copy of these materials and stay up-to-date on your wells. I Month 4 Schedule a presentation day and time to educate the public. I *You can make your own non-toxic versions of many popular products, such as insect repellents. Doing so prevents the toxic chemicals found in these products from entering the environment and the water supply. *If you can avoid purchasing products containing toxic chemicals, do so. Otherwise, there is a threat that these chemicals could enter the environment and the water supply. I Month 5 Identify and invite community participants. I Tally the number of homes in the community. Create and distribute flyers to homes announcing the next meeting and the educational program that will be introduced. I Month 5 Test Your Water. I Especially if your water comes from a private well, you should perform periodic tests for bacteria, metals, and toxic chemicals. (Help of labs, etc. ) I Ongoing Making people aware of the problem is the first step to solving it. In the early sass, when surfers in Britain grew tired of catching illnesses from water polluted with sewage, they formed a group called Surfers Against Sewage to force governments and water companies to clean up their act. People whove grown tired of walking the worlds polluted beaches often band together to organize community beach-cleaning sessions. Anglers who no longer catch so any fish have campaigned for tougher penalties against factories that pour pollution into our rivers. Greater public awareness can make a positive difference. Most environmental experts agree that the best way to tackle pollution is through something called the polluter pays principle. This means that whoever causes pollution should have to pay to clean it up, one way or another. (ADLER T. 2007) Polluter pays can operate in all kinds of ways. It could mean that tanker owners should have to take out insurance that covers the cost of oil spill cleanups, for example. It could also mean that shoppers would have to pay for their plastic grocery bags, as is now common in Ireland, to encourage recycling and minimize waste. Or it could mean that factories that use rivers must have their water inlet pipes downstream of their effluent outflow pipes, so if they cause pollution they themselves are the first people to suffer. Ultimately, the polluter pays principle is designed to deter people from polluting by making it less expensive for them to behave in an environmentally responsible way. Life is ultimately about choices-?and so is pollution. We can live with sewage-strewn beaches, dead rivers, and fish hat are too poisonous to eat. Or we can work together to keep the environment clean so the plants, animals, and people who depend on it remain healthy. We can take individual action to help reduce water pollution, for example, by using environmentally friendly detergents, not pouring oil down drains, reducing pesticides, and so on. We can take community action too, by helping out on beach cleans or litter picks to keep our rivers and seas that little bit cleaner. And we can take action as countries and continents to pass laws that will make pollution harder and the world less polluted.

How To Do the Gallium Beating Heart Demonstration

How To Do the Gallium Beating Heart Demonstration The gallium beating heart is a chemistry demonstration in which a drop of gallium is made to pulsate, like a beating heart. The gallium beating heart is similar to the mercury beating heart, but gallium is much less toxic, so this demonstration may be preferable. Gallium Beating Heart Materials Drop of gallium metal, liquefied (apply heat, as from your gloved hand)Dilute sulfuric acid (e.g., battery acid)Potassium dichromateWatch glass or petri dish Perform the Gallium Beating Heart Demo Place a drop of liquid gallium in a shallow dish.Cover the gallium with dilute sulfuric acid. The drop will round into a ball as gallium sulfate forms on the surface of the drop.Add a small amount of potassium dichromate. The gallium will relax somewhat as the sulfate layer is removed and the surface tension of the drop changes. If the proportion of dichromate with respect to the sulfuric acid is just right, the drop will alternate between round and relaxed, like a beating heart. Unlike the mercury beating heart, no iron is required to perform this demo, though the gallium heart beats more slowly. It can be tricky to get the correct amount of dichromate to get the gallium to pulsate, so start with a small amount of the chemical and add more as needed.

10 Terms for the Common People

10 Terms for the Common People 10 Terms for the Common People 10 Terms for the Common People By Mark Nichol The English language is rich with descriptive (and generally derogatory) terms for the common person, though many are adopted from other languages: 1. Bourgeoisie: This term, derived from the French word roughly translated as â€Å"the people of the city,† refers to the middle class rather than the common folk per se, but the sense of the word is â€Å"conventional.† The petite, or petty, bourgeoisie are those of the lower middle class. Twentieth-century journalist H. L. Mencken ridiculed the ignorant masses when he coined booboisie as a pejorative play on the term. 2. Great unwashed: The common people. An epithet of contempt for the lower classes, based on the supposition that their hygienic habits are inferior to those of the upper classes. The expression is said to have been first heard in speeches around the turn of the eighteenth century, but the first documentation is in a novel by Edward â€Å"It was a dark and stormy night† Bulwer-Lytton. 3. Hoi polloi: The first word of the Greek phrase referring condescendingly to the common people means â€Å"the,† but because the phrase is not a common term in a familiar language, it is still assigned the English article: â€Å"the hoi polloi.† 4. Little people: The common people. The sense is of an inconsequential mass populace. 5. Mob: The masses as a mindless single entity driven by base or anarchic impulses. The term is a truncation of the Latin phrase mobile vulgus (â€Å"vacillating crowd†). The word is therefore an abbreviation of the adjective describing the people’s actions, not the people themselves. (From vulgus we also get vulgar, which, originally, rather than having a pejorative connotation, was a neutral term meaning â€Å"typical of people.†) 6. Peons: Menial workers. The implication is that such people can be denigrated and/or exploited with impunity. The term, taken directly from the Spanish word for a landless laborer, may also refer to indentured servants, those who are in peonage. 7. Plebeians: The common people. This word, derived from the Latin word plebeius, whose definition matches the one just given, implies small-minded attitudes and gauche behavior. Truncated forms include pleb and plebs; the plural form is plebes. (Plebe and its plural form are also slang terms for first-year students at military academies.) 8. Proles: The common people. This word is a truncation of proletariat, referring to laborers as a class. This latter term (a French word derived from the Latin term proletarius, in turn stemming from proles, or â€Å"progeny†) has an ideological connotation deriving from its use in socialist rhetoric to refer to the working people as the backbone of a society. In the slang phrase â€Å"lumpen prole,† however, the abbreviation is used in a pejorative sense with the implication that the working class consists of a mindless mob. 9. Rank and file: This phrase referring to the ordinary people in a company or organization is an extension to the civilian world of the original sense of the horizontal ranks and vertical files of soldiers in formation. 10. Riffraff: This term for disreputable people derives ultimately from rif e raf, a hybrid of English and French that means â€Å"altogether,† later evolved to â€Å"rif and raf,† or â€Å"every one.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Does [sic] Mean?50 Idioms About Fruits and Vegetablesâ€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

What is the optimal rate of inflation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is the optimal rate of inflation - Essay Example The causes of inflation are many and complex but economists do point towards the interaction between the output given by an economy and the supply of money in a system as well as the interest rates established by the government as guides for what inflation would be present in a country. Monetarist economists believe that the supply of money is most important in setting the rate of inflation while the Keynesian economists suggest that interest rates and economic output set the rate of inflation (Wikipedia, 2007). The problem with defining what the optimal rate of inflation should be comes from the difference in theory and practice. Certain theories point towards negative inflation being the best but it has been shown that countries with negative inflation suffered the consequences because other factors influenced their economic situation. Others suggest that a positive rate could be the optimal answer but some countries have suffered from uncontrolled inflation and overheating economies when inflation became difficult to control. Politicians on the other hand prefer to see zero inflation since it is easy to project an idea of economic stability if they can point towards zero inflation as well as a zero unemployment rate (Palley, 1998). Another difference between economists and the economic policies of several state operated banks around Europe is their optimal rate of inflation. It seems that there is no real consensus on the idea and while some economists suggest that the optimal rate of inflation in an economy is slightly negative (Friedman, M. 1969), others show with examples from recent history that a slight rate of inflation could actually be good for the economy (Sinclair, 2003). The dominant economic paradigm, subscribed to by both the government and the stock markets, is the theory of the Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment (NAIRU). This is also called the alias the natural rate of unemployment (Palley, 1998). The theory maintains that if the

CASE STUDY Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CASE STUDY - Coursework Example It was during this bidding that Preston realized the inefficiency of their control charts. HP personnel compared their own control charts with Preston’s and found the later to be lagging. At Preston the employees were only working to meet specifications. Hence, this helped in identifying the underlying problem in the plant. The third significant event responsible for adoption of quality principles was the acquisition of the plant by Rendall. Rendall acquired the plant considering it to be a turnaround opportunity. However, the company was disappointed to find the inefficient processes and poor productivity levels at the plant. Moreover, without the Vector project, it was going to be difficult for the plant to survive. This need for urgency was a big factor in motivating Tom and other employees at Preston to adopt quality based principles. The fourth significant event was the meeting of Tom Branton with HP personnel in Chicago in June, 2000. It was in this meeting that Tom actually realized the problems in their control charts. HP people compared Preston’s control charts with their own and made Tom aware of the issues. Tom realized that HP was utilizing Preston’s data more effectively than they themselves were. This event acted as a trigger for the quality drive. The last event which acted as a nail in the coffin was the decision of not awarding the Vector project to Preston in September, 2000. Rendall almost decided to shut down the plant. However, Rendalll was taken into confidence by Preston’s management team. This was the point where the real turnaround began. The basic philosophy which Preston used in its quality program was to ensure that the plant would not operate till the process is in a state of control. Earlier the employees were under dilemma in case the process was not in control. They would bear the brunt both for low productivity and for producing defective products when

Student Life Essay Example for Free

Student Life Essay Having a healthy youth is not less than having an atomic bomb, but, to be well educated, would like to have a future full of hope.There is no doubt that the Albanian youth today is poured through her brain tide of time and with great sacrifice made its challenges. Jobs with which it deals today are of different natures, even degenerate. Her dynamic energy used and consumed rapidly in things, that is not worth even give each eye. Albanian university youth as the hope of the nation, that nation has forgotten to shave cultural and scientific creativity and create artistic value, which will be further push towards integration in civilized countries. It is isolated on attractions, burden-cafes are packed full of freshman student, while bookstores and libraries have become museums, rarely someone comes to visit. This youth needs new roads, modern tools for quality and seasoned academic work, support, incentives to cultivate arts, crafts, from whatever genre it is. These youth lack adequate representation in society, the lack of support structures, whether governmental or non-governmental. Lost confidence In ancient fortifications youth has been basis of triumph, therefore, wars have often occurred when soldiers won a majority of young and well educated, with Bonton clean and sober intellect and sound. People and youth leaders have entrusted to them, so that military commanders have made.Then why Albanian youth today has lost the confidence of the people and state leaders? Is the problem? Does crime surplus and deficit of morality among young people in disbelief and influenced the creation of a terrific opinion against them? These and many other questions are those that erode the reasonable soul of the young man, who when he sees how his friends drown in doubt, their doubts and wonders make it.According to some polls say that doubt in our daily lives has become everyday expressions and very serious spiritual illness simultaneously. Suspicion and distrust man drown quiet, how to believe in a young, which depends on several times a day and darkness of doubt ropes? Lack of collective lab or It is an undeniable fact that young Albanian university teasel is neglected when it comes to collective organization. Association, forums, and student unions is no less similar. Our youth lacks sense and experience to work and other major collective. Sometimes it happens that you see and hear how the student or the student does not Ð ·mon knowledge, science, art, etc. The collective work. Fare does not care for books, newspapers and magazines .Can not escape the challenges and problems in individual time when you have the problem of global character.Lack of collective labor Albanian university youth is the weakest and disturbing. Should a speed to realize a sustainable stability and create conditions for collective work, if we want to preserve our identity as young university and provide a sense of hope still. Where next?! To get out of laziness world in the art world, the world of activity, cultivation of knowledge and morality, our youth needs to stop is given by way of error. Should have watched the advantages of youth in civilized countries, are taught to seek their right to belong and to implement it.To return to the lost dignity Albanian university youth, veÐ ·anà «risht here in Tetovo, where the spaces of both Universities and schools have thousands of students, seriously need to get back to work and dress with ethical values, scientific and success permanent and dignified work.Youth to read for the success of the actions that will maintain, for the scientific and artistic activities. This would then view and the desired profile for the student who has taken the oath of parents, villagers and people to Ð ·ua country forward towards success and the civilized world.

technology in education :: essays research papers fc

Technology in Education With technology benefiting various fields, life has suddenly become a joyful journey for everyone. In the simple forms, like electronic stoves, telephones displaying caller’s ID and automobiles the ride of life has become a pleasure. In the same way, the lives of students have also taken a leap towards easiness. When we talk about technology in education the first and foremost advancement is the computer and internet. If a student has the Encyclopedia of Britannica or Microsoft’s Encarta Encyclopedia on his/her computer, he rarely finds himself in a library or even on the internet. But for those who don’t have these encyclopedias have the entire world of internet information at their finger-tips. Internet in its simplest form enables one to access emails; this too is a source of information especially for those who are in contact with their teachers and need constant aid. Those who have joined Distant Learning Education programs need internet and the snail-mail system. If the postage was unreliable or the money transfer system was unpredictable then distant learning programs wouldn’t be so famous and sought-after. A normal school going 8th grader has luxuries enough. Assignments are doable no matter how tough they are. If there is a presentation to go along with, then projectors come very handy. Children also bring along their self made slide shows if the facilities are favorable. The field of education is vast. Be it the education in cosmetics, graphic designing, journalism or multimedia, technology is playing a huge part. Take photography for instance; new models of cameras keep emerging, the film has a variety of types and now with the emergence of digital photography, many people have suddenly realized that they want to make it their profession. For this, institutes are bringing in latest course outlines, equipment for study, instructors are being brought-in and dark rooms are being built. Education was tough without technology. Parents were constantly worrying about their children who were sent abroad to study. Now with technology in picture, long distance calls have become much easier and considerably cheap. Nearly all students in an institute carry cell-phones making the above mentioned problem of worrisome parents seem small. Even though this involvement of mobile phone in the field of education is not that much, yet it’s so useful that just about everyone has this equipment. Taking lectures was tiresome task, but with the introduction gadgets like; PDA, laptop and voice recorders, this dull work is now more enjoyable.

Ageism: Is it acceptable in today’s society?

Research would Indicate that we stereotype older people because we fear old age. We fear the loss of physical and mental ability, of attractiveness, learning power, status, and independence. We seek to distance ourselves from what we worry might be our own future when we are older and so we create what we fear. This is especially true for women. Our ageist society can greatly effect and impact negatively on a woman's self- perception as stereotypes about age is ingrained In us during youth and further enforced by society and media.This Is done through magazine ads, billboards, television. Commercials, and movies, newspapers and videos. Women are the predominant victims of age discrimination and are burdened with the negative effects. It is very common that as women age they should try to retain a youthful appearance. The biggest negative impact that women deal with is a negative body image. â€Å"Body image is important to a woman's self-concept and provides a basis for her own Iden tity, for her ability to perform different activities, and for the goals she as set her for herself' (Unit 2, pig. 37). According to Tunable, et al. (pig. 743) women In our society continue to be valued for their sexual attractiveness and their physical appearance which they define as being crucial for attracting and maintaining a relationship with a male partner. A second example of how an ageist society can negatively impact a women's self-perception is from the article â€Å"Ageing as a Feminist Issue† by Cherry Russell stating that â€Å"old women face a host of problems which include greater poverty, higher rates of aloneness, Institutionalizing, loneliness, equidistant In work and remarriage, Ill health and metallization† (Unit 1, pig. ). Even comparing different statistics on Stats Canada will show you that men generally do well and better in ageing. The lack of research that has been done on ageing women compared to ageing men is incomparable. Therefore to know how accurate these statistics really are is unknown considering that the fastest growing population is women and this is predicted to continue over the next many years. Unfortunately our society today supports the ageist stereotype and does not try to reflect upon any hangers to the myths that are out In society today.For example, the media continues to flash very young, beautiful women on TV and commercials promoting annotating creams, booth and fillers and they will use anyone over 60 when promoting medications or trying to sell retirement homes or medical devices depicting them as though they all need assistance. The truth is that society's view of â€Å"old age† has not kept up with the reality of older Canadians health or the fact that while many people over the age of 65 experience some physical and mental limitations, they learn to live tit them and lead happy and productive lives (Unit 2, pig. 7). Society has the tendency to lump all seniors into one demographic grou p whereas in fact, the elderly are a very diverse group. As people age they tend to get more different from one another due to the different lifetime milestones (Unit 2, pig. 28). Another example of a myth in today's society that I can relate to myself in my field of work is the myth that intelligence declines with age. Where I work doctors will perform MUSE and MOCHA intelligence with older people did have lower scores when compared to younger people, the elderly were not exposed to such tests before.Once the elderly had some training in these types of tests their scores improved and some even better than their counterparts. Lastly, my favorite example is Centenarians. There are approximately three thousand people in Canada who are 100 years old or older. The myth here that this challenges is that all older people are sick and frail. This group of people show remarkable good health and many are actually healthier then their younger generation in the ass's or ass's. Therefore in con clusion, living in a society in this day and age where ageism still exists does not make sense.There is so much information out there and help available for other stereotypes and â€Å"ism's† such as sexism and racism that in today's world with the information that we have, ageism should never exist and it should more widely discussed. Society should be more accepting of the ‘ageing self and embrace it rather than trying to reverse it. Plenty of money and time and effort are wasted on trying to change such a natural process hat it ruins people's perceptions and acceptance of other's.

Roman Empire and Red Figure Style

This tool is used to engrave lines through the slip of the unfired vase. burin 18. Red figure style of vase painting was introduced whom? By a student of exekias known as the andokides 19. Greek vase painting is represented in these two styles. Black figure and red figure style. 20. Who signed the vase â€Å"Achilles and Ajax playing Draught†? Euxitheos and Euphronios. 21 . The mixture of clay and water that is painted on the vase before firing. slip 22. The black figure Style idealized representations, sought to equate the perfection of art with harmonies of natural order. 23.The Greek used what method to cast the bronze figure of Zeus? Lost-wax methods 24. In the 7th C. BCE the Greek artist began to do this to their artwork. naturalism 25. The Greeks are different from the Eygptians in depicting their gods in what way? The ideal athletic human form. 26. Who was the popular god of drama . Dionysus 27. In Greek art the beginnings are represented is what style? Nude pics 28. In the pantheon of Greek god he is consider the leader among gods. Zues 29. Acropolis mean. Highest city 30. Greece's central city is named and dedicated to what god? Athens and dedicated o Athena. 31 .The Greeks had a love of what? Wisdom and beautification especially of the human body. 32. During the classical period the Greeks began to produce life size figurative sculptures and constructed marble temples. 33. What race commemorates the bravery of a courier during the Perisan invasion. Twenty six mile marathon race 34. After the Persian invasion this leader began to rebuild Greece's temples. Pericles 35. A geometric style vase is characterized by . several horizontal bands and geometric motifs Dipyplon vases were used tor what purpose? Grave markers 37. The female counterpart of the Kouros figure is the kore 38.The sacred hill above Athens which contains the ancient Athenians' Temples is . Acropolis 39. Who was the Roman Emperor that converted to Christianity? Constantine the Great 40. What Roman structure had an altar that was dedicated to â€Å"gods yet to be discovered†. Pantheon 41 . â€Å"The Altar of Peace† was built to commemorate what? The Pax Romana (roman preace) 42. The arena floor of the amphitheater was landscaped with trees and large rocks 43. â€Å"The Pont du Gard† is comprised of rows of short barrel, or tunnel vaults and is an xample of these Roman invention such as_basilica ulpia 44. The Column of Trajan† is as tall as what? The height of the hill that stood at this site. 45. The art of the Roman Republic was strongly influenced by both _etruscans and greek art. 46. The word â€Å"amphitheater† means around theater 47. The Arch of Titus commemorates Titius' conquest of. the victory in the Jewish War . 48. The Flavian Amphitheater was commissioned by the emperor 49. Trajan's column friezes depict his victory over the _Dacians Vaspasian. 50. The Pantheon's dome's weight was lessened by sunken decorative panel s Called cotters 51 .

Department of Homeland Security essays

Department of Homeland Security essays America home of the free, brave and protecting our land. We have evolved our lands, culture and diversity. Starting, July 4, 1776,with our Independence. The American Revolution War was the war we wanted our people to have control of our freedom, not another nation ruling over us. Protecting our land, of what we have created. In 1775, Revolutionaries seized control of each of the thirteen colonial governments, establish the Second Continental Congress, and generated a Continental Army. The beginning of homeland security as we know it today. Over the years, there were no threats to the American people from the period of the American Revolution, until in the 1900s. Yes, there were battles and wars, but in gaining more grounds and access to our new country. Thus, showing our national security, starting with the Continental Army, as we know today, The U.S. Army; have been successful in protecting our nation and helped shape our nation. In 1915, there were seven air strikes to London, UK, by the Germans. A new threat to the world and to our nation was presented. The United Sates government, saw this potential threat, and realized we need to be stronger, for our nation is not protected in such ways. August 29, 1916, the Council of National Defense was created under the Army Appropriation Act. The Council was a presidential advisory board that included the Secretaries of War, Navy, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce and Labor...Its responsibilities included coordinating resources and industries for the national defense and stim ulating the civilian morale. This was during the time of WWI; where allies were defending each other in declaring war after one another. Many more reasons are to be noted of causes and effects. A year later, after the CND was created, America went into war, and CND went hard at work. They were asked to apply their specialized knowledge in mobilizing the military, governmental, commercial, ...

What Does it Cost to Attend The University of Washington - Seattle Campus?

The University of Washington – Seattle is consistently ranked one of the top public universities in the country by The U.S. News and World Report . It boasts a diverse student body and exemplary academic programs, which makes it clear why UW is on the minds of many prospective college students. Because of its popularity, UW is also one of the more competitive public institutions in the United States. At first glance, attending any college may seem overwhelmingly expensive. Even public schools like UW have a high list price. However, you can’t assume that the list price (the published cost) is what you’ll actually end up paying. Instead, pay attention to the net cost, the amount you’ll be expected to pay out of pocket. Taking into account financial aid (government aid, institutional grants, and merit scholarships), your net cost will likely be far lower than the list price. Families tend to pay different amounts because of their income, in- or out-of-state residency, and many other factors. Like at many public universities, at UW, the list price is lower for in-state students than for out-of-state students. In-state students pay $29,948, while out-of-state students pay $49,986. Most families don’t actually pay the list price, though. In general, only families earning more than $175,000 should expect to pay this figure. For students from high-income families, they may still pay less than the list price if they earn merit scholarships, or scholarships based on achievement. Financial aid greatly reduces the cost of attending college for many families. At UW, students receiving aid pay an average net cost of $22,586 in-state and $46,624 out-of-state. The price tends to vary greatly based on family income: * These numbers do not reflect any Pell Grants that families may receive. Families with an income of $0-30k often receive Federal Pell Grants, which reduce the amount of financial aid that individual institutions need to award. This is why there is a higher tuition rate for families with $0-30k vs. those with $30k-48k. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Both students receiving financial aid and those without financial need are eligible to receive merit scholarships, which are awarded based on students’ accomplishments in and out of the classroom. UW awards merit scholarships to 8.8% of students who don’t receive financial aid. The average award amount is $529, which places UW at 827th in a pool of more than 1,000 institutions analyzed with regard to merit aid generosity. The merit aid net cost for students without financial need is thus only marginally lower: $25,419 for in-state students and $49,457 for out-of-state students. That said, remember that these statistics only account for students without financial need. UW offers a handful of generous merit scholarships (discussed later in this post), but students with financial need often receive them. Many students take out government loans to help pay for college, which must be repaid according to individual timetables after graduation. At UW, 5% of students take out loans, with an average amount of $3,170 across their college careers. A high graduation rate and salary for alumni can indicate a strong return on investment (ROI) for an institution. At UW, 82% of students graduate within six years, and alumni earn an average salary of $57,700 after 10 years. Living in Seattle is expensive. The cost of living index is 204, indicating that it is over twice as expensive as the national average. Students are not required to live on campus at UW, although many do. According to the housing office , 68% of freshmen choose to live in university housing. If your student decides to live off-campus, they’ll be contending with an average one-bedroom rental price of $2,014 or a two-bedroom rental price of $2,775. Washington state’s minimum wage is currently $12. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the average hourly wage for all workers in the Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan area was $31.42 in 2017; it’s important to keep in mind, however, that this figure encompasses professions requiring a college degree and certain levels of experience. UW offers a number of merit scholarships to students, including Academic Scholarships and UW Undergraduate Academic Excellence Awards for in-state students. These scholarships are awarded in an average amount of $4,000 for two years and do not require separate applications. UW also offers scholarships to out-of-state students, such as the Purple and Gold Scholarship (for U.S. residents only), awarded in varying amounts. Students are automatically considered for this award as well. Students should also consider applying for scholarships awarded by external organizations, many of which take into account demographics, intended majors, accomplishments, and other factors. One popular scholarship is the National Merit Scholarship, awarded to top 1% scorers on the PSAT. For more information on the opportunity, read our post: How to Qualify for the National Merit Scholarship . Many students also work part-time jobs during the year, or over the summer. Getting a job can teach students about responsibility while helping them pay for their education. Seattle is a vibrant community offering plenty of local work opportunities. If your student prefers to stay on campus, they may be able to score a work-study job, allowing them to engage with the campus community while earning a paycheck. Common campus jobs include being a library desk aide, working in the dining hall, or grading for a professor. Looking for help navigating the Financial Aid process at UW and other colleges? Our Finances tool , available though ’s Applications program, will help you compare the ROIs of different colleges, understand what you’ll actually pay, and more. Learn more today!

Financial Resourcs Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Financial Resourcs Management - Essay Example It is therefore important to evaluate some of the risks and complications that arise as a result of operating in several countries when making capital financing decisions. Foreign exchange rates as a result of operations spanning several countries are a major risk for MNCs even when they are considering their capital structure and financing issues. A country with exchange rate controls means that the MNC will have difficulties with international capital low and the solution can only be the use of debt. The use of equity financing in such a country will affect the company’s ability to invest in other countries since there are limitations to the flow of capital from the country to another (Horcher, 2013). One of the major complications of financing MNCs related to the government or political environment is the taxation policies of the foreign country. Taxation has been viewed by various researchers as one of the major factors that influence the capital structure of an MNC. The debt to asset ratio of an MNC is positively related to the tax rate applicable in the host country and negatively related to that of the home country. This means that in case the corporate tax rate in a foreign country is high, a company will prefer to use debt financing in place of equity financing as a source of capital as it will reduce its tax liability and thus increased earnings (Huizinga, Laeven & Nicodame 2008). Legal issues may also bring about complications for MNCs such as the issue of repatriation of profits. If a country finances its operations using equity financing and the legal requirements in a country are that there are limitations to the repatriation of profits, this may affect the ability of the company to pay dividends to shareholders outside the country. Another issue is that using equity financing in a country that regulates operations in terms of employment of local people means that the MNC might